Kwixesha ledijithali, iziseko zenethiwekhi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo njengoko amashishini kunye namakhaya axhomekeke kwizixhobo ezininzi eziqhagamshelwe kwi-Intanethi. Elinye lamacandelo aphambili ale siseko kukutshintsha kwenethiwekhi, isixhobo esiqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle kwedatha phakathi kwezixhobo kwinethiwekhi yendawo. Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye iswitshi yenethiwekhi? Ingaba isebenza kanjani?
Yintoni utshintsho lwenethiwekhi?
Ukutshintshwa kwenethiwekhi sisixhobo se-hardware esidibanisa izixhobo ezininzi ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yendawo yendawo (LAN). Ezi zixhobo zinokubandakanya iikhompyuter, abashicileli, iiseva, iifowuni ze-IP, kunye neekhamera zokhuseleko. Ngokungafaniyo ne-hub yenethiwekhi elula esasaza idatha kwisixhobo ngasinye esixhunyiwe, iswitshi ihlakaniphile: iqondisa idatha kwizixhobo ezithile ezifunekayo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi kunye nokunciphisa i-traffic engadingekile.
Kwinethiwekhi yeshishini kunye nekhaya, iiswitshi zisebenza njengeendawo eziphambili zokunxibelelanisa, ezivumela izixhobo ukuba zinxibelelane ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kubalulekile kwiindawo ezineemfuno eziphezulu zedatha, njengoko iswitshi inokusingatha umthamo omkhulu wezithuthi ngaphandle kokugqithisa inethiwekhi.
Zisebenza njani iiswitshi zenethiwekhi?
Umsebenzi ophambili wokutshintsha kwenethiwekhi kukufumana, inkqubo, kunye nokudlulisela idatha kwisixhobo esichanekileyo. Nantsi inkcazo yenyathelo ngenyathelo lendlela umtshintshi olawula ngayo le nkqubo:
Ukufumana iipakethi: Xa isixhobo esikwinethiwekhi, esifana nekhompyutha, sithumela idatha, iinkcukacha zohlulwa zibe ziiyunithi ezincinci ezibizwa ngokuba ziipakethi. Ezi pakethi ke zithunyelwa kwiswitshi.
Funda idilesi ye-MAC: Sonke isixhobo esikuthungelwano sinesichongi esisodwa esibizwa ngokuba yidilesi ye-MAC (Media Access Control). Umtshintshi ufunda iidilesi ze-MAC zazo zonke izixhobo ezixhunyiwe kwaye uzigcine etafileni, ukuvumela ukuba ichonge apho isixhobo ngasinye sikhona kwinethiwekhi.
Idatha ethe ngqo kwindawo echanekileyo: Ukusebenzisa itafile yedilesi ye-MAC, umtshintshi unokugqiba indawo echanekileyo yepakethi nganye. Esikhundleni sokusasaza idatha kuzo zonke izixhobo, ithumela kuphela iipakethi kwisixhobo esijoliswe kuyo, esigcina i-bandwidth kunye nokwandisa isantya senethiwekhi.
Lawula i-traffic ngokufanelekileyo: Kumanethiwekhi amakhulu anezixhobo ezininzi ezitshintshisa inani elikhulu ledatha, ukutshintsha kunokuthintela ukungqubana kwedatha kunye nokuxinana kwenethiwekhi. Ngokuqondisa ngobuchule i-traffic, umtshintshi uqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo ngasinye sifumana idatha ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
Kutheni zibalulekile iiswitshi zenethiwekhi?
Kuwo nawuphi na umbutho okanye ukuseta apho izixhobo ezininzi zifuna ukunxibelelana, utshintsho lubalulekile kulawulo olululo lwedatha. Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziphambili zokuba kutheni utshintsho lwenethiwekhi lubalulekile:
Ukuphuculwa komsebenzi womnatha: Ngokulawula idatha ngokuchanekileyo, ukutshintshwa kwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-bandwidth, ukunciphisa umthwalo ongeyomfuneko kwinethiwekhi kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza.
Ukhuseleko olomeleziweyo: Utshintsho olulawulwayo lubonelela ngeempawu ezinceda ukulawula ukufikelela kwinethiwekhi, ukubona izoyikiso, kunye netrafikhi yecandelo ukongeza umaleko wokhuseleko kulwazi olubuthathaka.
I-Scalability: Njengoko ishishini lakho likhula, iiswitshi zinokongeza ngokulula izixhobo ezingaphezulu kwinethiwekhi ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni isantya okanye ukusebenza.
Ukuthembeka: Ukutshintshwa kwenzelwe ukujongana nokuhamba kwedatha okuqhubekayo kwaye kunokomelela ukuqinisekisa uqhagamshelwano olungaphazamisekiyo kuyo yonke inethiwekhi.
Uhlobo lokutshintsha kwenethiwekhi
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokutshintsha kwenethiwekhi, nganye yenzelwe iimfuno ezahlukeneyo:
Iiswitshi ezingalawulwayo: Ezi zixhobo ezilula zokuplagi kunye nokudlala ezidla ngokusetyenziswa kuthungelwano lwasekhaya okanye lwamashishini amancinci. Abafuni ukucwangciswa kwaye balawule ngokuzenzekelayo i-traffic phakathi kwezixhobo ezixhunyiwe.
Iiswitshi ezilawulwayo: Ezi zitshintshi zibonelela ngolawulo ngakumbi kunye neenketho zokwenza ngokwezifiso, zizenze zilungele uthungelwano olukhulu okanye olunzima ngakumbi. Abalawuli banokucwangcisa izicwangciso ukubeka phambili iintlobo ezithile zetrafikhi, ukulawula ukufikelela, kunye nokubeka iliso kwimpilo yenethiwekhi.
Iiswitshi ze-PoE (Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet): Ezi zitshintshi ziyakwazi ukuhambisa amandla phezu kweentambo ezifanayo ezisetyenziselwa idatha, zizenze zibe zilungele izixhobo ezifana neekhamera ze-IP kunye neendawo zokufikelela ezingenazintambo apho umbane unokunciphisa.
ukuququmbela
Ukutshintsha kwenethiwekhi kungaphezulu nje kokudibanisa isixhobo sakho; yinxalenye ebalulekileyo egcina inethiwekhi yakho isebenza kakuhle, ngokukhuselekileyo, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokuqondisa idatha kuphela kubamkeli abacetywayo, utshintsho lunceda ukugcina isantya, ukunciphisa ukuxinana, kunye nokubonelela ngomqolo othembekileyo wendawo yedijithali yanamhlanje. Nokuba kuthungelwano lweshishini elixakekileyo okanye kwikhaya elikrelekrele, iiswitshi zenethiwekhi zisentliziyweni yoqhagamshelo olungenamthungo oluxhasa iimfuno zehlabathi lanamhlanje eliqhagamshelweyo.
Njengoko itekhnoloji yothungelwano iqhubeka ihambela phambili, utshintsho luba namandla ngakumbi kwaye lutyebile, lubonelela ngamashishini kunye namakhaya ngobuchule obungakumbi, ukhuseleko, kunye nolawulo. Njengoko amanethiwekhi aqhubeka ekhula kwaye aguquke, ukubaluleka kokulawulwa kwedatha ngokufanelekileyo ngokutshintsha kuya kukhula kuphela.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-29-2024
