Iindawo zokufikelela kwi-Wi-Fi (APs) zizinto ezibalulekileyo zothungelwano lwale mihla olungenazingcingo, oluvumela unxibelelwano olungenamthungo kumakhaya, ii-ofisi kunye neendawo zoluntu. Ukuveliswa kwezi zixhobo kubandakanya inkqubo entsonkothileyo edibanisa itekhnoloji yokusika, ubunjineli obuchanekileyo kunye nolawulo olungqongqo lomgangatho wokuhlangabezana nemfuno ekhulayo yonxibelelwano olungenazingcingo. Nalu ujongo lwangaphakathi kwinkqubo yemveliso yendawo yofikelelo ye-Wi-Fi ukusuka kwingqikelelo ukuya kwimveliso yokugqibela.
1. Uyilo kunye noPhuhliso
Uhambo lwe-Wi-Fi yokufikelela kwindawo luqala kwisigaba soyilo kunye nophuhliso, apho iinjineli kunye nabaqulunqi basebenzisana ukwenza izixhobo ezihlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza, ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenziseka. Eli nqanaba libandakanya:
Ingqikelelo: Abaqulunqi bachaza inqaku lefom yofikelelo, uyilo lwe-eriyali, kunye nojongano lomsebenzisi, kugxilwe kubuhle kunye nokusebenza.
Iinkcukacha zobugcisa: Iinjineli ziphuhlisa iplani yobugcisa echaza amacandelo e-hardware, imigangatho engenazingcingo (efana ne-Wi-Fi 6 okanye i-Wi-Fi 7), kunye neempawu zesoftware eza kuxhaswa yi-AP.
Iprototyping: Yenza iiprototypes ukuvavanya ukwenzeka kunye nokusebenza koyilo. Iprototype iye yavavanywa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ukuchonga ukuphuculwa koyilo olunokubakho ngaphambi kokufakwa kwimveliso yothotho.
2. Ibhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo (PCB) yokwenziwa
Xa uyilo lugqityiwe, inkqubo yemveliso ingena kwinqanaba lokwenziwa kwePCB. I-PCB yintliziyo yendawo yofikelelo ye-Wi-Fi kwaye igcina onke amacandelo abalulekileyo e-elektroniki. Amanyathelo abandakanyekayo kwimveliso yePCB aquka:
Ulwaleko: Ukwaleka iileya ezininzi zobhedu kwisubstrate ukwenza iindlela zesekethe.
I-Etching: Isusa ubhedu olugqithisileyo, ishiya ipateni yesekethe echanekileyo edibanisa amacandelo ahlukeneyo.
Ukugrumba kunye nokuPlating: Gqoka imingxuma kwi-PCB ukubeka izinto kwaye ucwebe imingxuma ukwenza uqhagamshelo lombane.
Isicelo seMaski ye-Solder: Faka i-mask solder ekhuselayo ukukhusela iifutshane zengozi kunye nokukhusela isiphaluka kumonakalo wokusingqongileyo.
ISilk Screen Printing: Iileyibhile kunye nezazisi ziprintwe kwi-PCB yemiyalelo yendibano kunye nokusombulula ingxaki.
3. Indibano yeenxalenye
Nje ukuba iPCB ilungile, inyathelo elilandelayo kukudityaniswa kwamacandelo e-elektroniki. Eli nqanaba lisebenzisa oomatshini abaphambili kunye neendlela ezichanekileyo zokuqinisekisa ukuba icandelo ngalinye libekwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye likhuselwe kwi-PCB. Amanyathelo angundoqo aquka:
ITekhnoloji yoMphezulu weMount (SMT): Oomatshini abazenzelayo babeka ngokuchanekileyo izinto ezincinci ezifana nezixhasi, iicapacitors, kunye neemicroprocessors kwiiPCB.
Ngobuchwepheshe bomngxuma (THT): Amacandelo amakhulu (njengamakhonkco kunye nee-inductors) afakwe kwimingxuma esele igrunjwe ngaphambili kwaye ithengiswa kwi-PCB.
I-Reflow soldering: I-PCB edityanisiweyo idlula kwi-oven yokubuyisela apho i-solder paste inyibilika kwaye iqina ukwenza uqhagamshelwano oluqinileyo, oluthembekileyo.
4. Ukufakwa kweFirmware
Nge-hardware edibeneyo, inyathelo elilandelayo elibalulekileyo kukufaka i-firmware. I-Firmware yi-software elawula imisebenzi ye-hardware, evumela indawo yokufikelela ukulawula uqhagamshelwano olungenacingo kunye nokuthuthwa kwenethiwekhi. Le nkqubo ibandakanya:
Ukulayishwa kweFirmware: I-Firmware ilayishwe kwimemori yesixhobo, ukuyivumela ukuba yenze imisebenzi efana nokulawula amajelo e-Wi-Fi, uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo, kunye nokubekwa phambili kwetrafikhi.
Ulungelelwaniso novavanyo: Iindawo zofikelelo zilungelelanisiwe ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwazo, kuquka amandla omqondiso kunye noluhlu. Uvavanyo luqinisekisa ukuba yonke imisebenzi isebenza njengoko kulindelwe kwaye isixhobo siyahambelana nemigangatho yoshishino.
5. UQinisekiso loMgangatho kunye noVavanyo
Ukuqinisekiswa komgangatho kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvelisweni kweendawo zokungena kwi-Wi-Fi ukuqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo ngasinye sisebenza ngokuthembekileyo kwaye sihlangabezana nemigangatho yolawulo. Inqanaba lovavanyo libandakanya:
Uvavanyo oluSebenzayo: Indawo nganye yofikelelo iyavavanywa ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke imisebenzi efana noqhagamshelo lwe-Wi-Fi, amandla omqondiso, kunye nokuphuma kwedatha kusebenza kakuhle.
Uvavanyo lokusingqongileyo: Izixhobo ziphantsi kobushushu obugqithisileyo, ukufuma, kunye nezinye iimeko zokusingqongileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba zinokusebenza ngokuthembekileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
Uvavanyo lokuthobela: Amanqaku okufikelela avavanyelwa ukuthobela imigangatho yezizwe ngezizwe efana neFCC, CE, kunye neRoHS ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyahlangabezana nokhuseleko kunye neemfuno zokuhambelana kombane.
Uvavanyo loKhuseleko: Uvavanyo lobungozi be-firmware yesixhobo kunye nesoftware yokuqinisekisa indawo yofikelelo ibonelela ngoqhagamshelo olukhuselekileyo olungenazingcingo kwaye ikhusela kwizoyikiso ezinokuthi zibe kho kwi-cyber.
6. Indibano yokugqibela kunye nokupakishwa
Nje ukuba indawo yokufikelela kwi-Wi-Fi iphumelele zonke iimvavanyo zomgangatho, ingena kwisigaba sokugqibela sendibano apho isixhobo sipakishwe, sibhalwe, kwaye silungiselelwe ukuthunyelwa. Eli nqanaba libandakanya:
INdibano Eyenziweyo: Ii-PCB kunye namacandelo abekwe ngononophelo kwiindawo ezikhuselekileyo ezilungiselelwe ukukhusela izixhobo zombane kumonakalo womzimba kunye nezinto ezisingqongileyo.
Ukunyuswa kwe-antenna: Qhagamshela ii-eriyali zangaphakathi okanye zangaphandle, ezilungiselelwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwamacingo.
Ileyibhile: Ileyibhile encanyatheliswe kwisixhobo eneenkcukacha zemveliso, inombolo yothotho, kunye nesiqinisekiso sokuthotyelwa.
Ukupakishwa: Indawo yofikelelo ipakishwe kunye nezixhobo ezifana ne-adapter yamandla, i-hardware yokunyuka, kunye nencwadana yomsebenzisi. Ukupakishwa kwenzelwe ukukhusela isixhobo ngexesha lokuhambisa kunye nokubonelela ngamava e-unboxing asebenziseka lula.
7. Ukusasazwa kunye nokusasazwa
Nje ukuba zipakishwe, iindawo zokufikelela kwi-Wi-Fi zithunyelwa kubahambisi, abathengisi, okanye ngokuthe ngqo kubathengi. Iqela lezinto zokusebenza liqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zihanjiswa ngokukhuselekileyo nangexesha, zilungele ukuthunyelwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kumakhaya ukuya kumashishini amakhulu.
ukuququmbela
Ukuveliswa kweendawo zokufikelela kwi-Wi-Fi yinkqubo enzima efuna ukuchaneka, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nokuqwalaselwa kweenkcukacha. Ukusuka kuyilo kunye nokuveliswa kwe-PCB ukuya kwindibano yecandelo, ukufakwa kwe-firmware kunye novavanyo lomgangatho, inyathelo ngalinye libalulekile ukuhambisa iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezihlangabezana neemfuno zenethiwekhi zale mihla ezingenazingcingo. Njengomqolo wokuqhagamshelwa ngaphandle kwamacingo, ezi zixhobo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni amava edijithali abe yinto ebalulekileyo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-27-2024
