Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwe-automation ye-industrial kunye ne-smart production, indima yokutshintsha kwenethiwekhi yezoshishino iya ibaluleka ngakumbi. Ezi zixhobo zibalulekile ekudibaniseni izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino kunye neenkqubo kwaye kufuneka zihambelane nemigangatho engqongqo yoshishino ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka, ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kwiimeko ezinzima. Ukuqonda le migangatho kubalulekile kubavelisi, abahlanganisi kunye nabasebenzisi bokugqibela ngokufanayo.
ImiGangatho eMikhulu yoShishino yoTshintsho lweNethiwekhi yoShishino
IEEE 802.3 umgangatho we-Ethernet:
Umgangatho we-IEEE 802.3 ngumqolo weteknoloji ye-Ethernet kwaye ichaza iprotocol yoxhumo lweengcingo kwiinethiwekhi zendawo zendawo (LANs). Ukutshintshwa kwenethiwekhi yoshishino kufuneka kuhambelane nalo mgangatho wokuqinisekisa ukuhambelana nezinye izixhobo ze-Ethernet kunye neenethiwekhi. Oku kubandakanya inkxaso yezantya ukusuka kwi-10 Mbps ukuya kwi-100 Gbps nangaphezulu.
I-IEC 61850 ye-automation ye-substation:
I-IEC 61850 ngumgangatho wehlabathi wothungelwano lwesikhululo sonxibelelwano kunye neenkqubo. Ukutshintsha kothungelwano lwemizi-mveliso olusetyenziswa kumandla kunye nezinto eziluncedo kufuneka zihambelane nalo mgangatho ukwenza unxibelelwano lwexesha lokwenyani, ukusebenzisana kunye nokudibanisa phakathi kwezitishi. Iqinisekisa ukuba utshintsho lunokuhlangabezana nesantya esiphezulu, iimfuno eziphantsi-latency ezifunekayo kwi-substation automation.
IEC 62443 Cybersecurity:
Ngokunyuka kwezixhobo ezixhunyiwe kunye ne-Intanethi ye-Industrial yeZinto (IIoT), ukhuseleko lwe-cybersecurity luye lwaba yinto ephambili. Umgangatho we-IEC 62443 ujongana nemiba yokhuseleko lwe-cybersecurity kwimizi-mveliso ezenzekelayo kunye neenkqubo zolawulo. Ukutshintsha kothungelwano lwemizi-mveliso kufuneka kubandakanye iimpawu zokhuseleko eziluqilima ezifana nokuqinisekisa, uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo, kunye nolawulo lofikelelo ukukhusela ngokuchasene nezoyikiso ze-cyber.
Uvavanyo lwe-IEC 60068 yokusingqongileyo:
Izitshixo zothungelwano lwemizi-mveliso zihlala zisebenza phantsi kweemeko ezinzima ezifana nobushushu, ukufuma, kunye nokungcangcazela. Umgangatho we-IEC 60068 uchaza iinkqubo zovavanyo lokusingqongileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ezi zixhobo zinokumelana nemekobume yemizi mveliso. Ukuthotyelwa kwalo mgangatho kuqinisekisa ukuba utshintsho luhlala luhlala kwaye luthembekile phantsi kweemeko ezininzi zokusebenza.
Usetyenziso lukaloliwe EN 50155:
Umgangatho we-EN 50155 ujongana ngqo nezixhobo zombane ezisetyenziswa kwizicelo zikaloliwe. Iiswitshi zothungelwano lwemizi-mveliso ezisetyenziswa koololiwe kunye neziseko zoncedo zikaloliwe kufuneka zihlangabezane nalo mgangatho ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuthembekileyo phantsi kweemeko ezibangwayo zemeko kaloliwe. Oku kubandakanya ukuxhathisa ukothuka, ukungcangcazela, ukuguquguquka kobushushu kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic.
Imigangatho ye-PoE (Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet):
Iitshintshi ezininzi zenethiwekhi zoshishino zixhasa i-Power over Ethernet (PoE), evumela ukuba badlulise idatha kunye namandla phezu kwentambo enye. Ukuthotyelwa komgangatho we-IEEE 802.3af/at/bt PoE uqinisekisa ukuba umtshintshi unokukhusela ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo izixhobo ezidityanisiweyo zamandla ezifana neekhamera ze-IP, iinzwa, kunye neendawo zokufikelela ezingenazingcingo ngaphandle kwesidingo sonikezelo lwamandla olwahlukileyo.
Ukubaluleka kokubambelela kwimigangatho yoshishino
Ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yoshishino kubalulekile kuthungelwano lwenethiwekhi yeshishini ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi:
Ukuthembeka: Ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho kuqinisekisa ukuba utshintsho lusebenza ngokuthembekileyo phantsi koluhlu olubanzi lweemeko zoshishino, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kwenethiwekhi.
Ukusebenzisana: Imigangatho iqinisekisa ukuba utshintsho lunokudibanisa ngokungenamthungo kunye nezinye izixhobo kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Ukhuseleko: Ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho efana ne-IEC 62443 inceda ukukhusela uthungelwano lwamashishini kwiisongelo ze-cyber, ukuqinisekisa ukuba idatha kunye nokusebenza kukhuselekile.
Ubomi benkonzo ende: Imigangatho efana ne-IEC 60068 iqinisekisa ukuba utshintsho lunokumelana nokusingqongileyo, ukwandisa ubomi babo benkonzo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokugcina.
Ukujonga Phambili: Ikamva leMigangatho yoThungelwano lwezoShishino
Njengoko ishishini liqhubeka nokwamkela itekhnoloji ephezulu kakhulu, efana ne-5G, i-intelligence yokwenziwa kunye ne-edge computing, imigangatho yokutshintsha kwenethiwekhi yeshishini iya kuqhubeka nokuguquka. Imigangatho yexesha elizayo kusenokwenzeka ukuba igxile kukhuseleko oluphuculweyo lwe-cybersecurity, isantya esiphezulu sedatha kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zothungelwano lwemizi-mveliso yesizukulwana esilandelayo.
Kwiinkampani ezinethemba lokuhlala zikhuphisana kwicandelo lezemveliso, kubalulekile ukuqonda le migangatho kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zabo ziyahambelana nazo. Ngokuthobela le migangatho yoshishino, abavelisi banokuqinisekisa ukuba ukutshintshwa kwenethiwekhi yabo yoshishino kuhlangabezana namanqanaba aphezulu okusebenza, ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka, ukuqhuba ikamva loqhagamshelwano lwamashishini.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-17-2024
